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| Monument Name |
Netherhall |
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| SMR Number |
59 |
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| Summary |
Moat and ruined Tudor manor-house. |
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| Media |
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| Associated Media |
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| Description |
Moat and ruined Tudor manor-house. The moat is complete and still water- filled, and is a single rectangular enclosure with a causeway entrance and a fish pond to the north. It is brick-lined on both sides. The ruins consist of the gatehouse, angle towers and part of the curtain wall of a quadrangular fortified house. The remainder of the house was demolished in 1777, the gatehouse only being saved by its solidity and the cost of demolishing it. The RCHM gives the date of building as probably late 15th century. <7> Chancellor believes it dates to c1506, being built by John, son of Thomas Colt (d1476). <5> Briden believes Thomas Colt himself commenced the building.<4> The great grandson of Thomas Colt, Henry, sold the estate in 1615, probably to John Archer of Coopersale, in whose family the house remained until its demolition. The house was damaged during the civil war, although the extent is not known. <3> Both the inner and outer banks of the moat are revetted with brick. The courtyard ranges still stand. Apart from the gatehouse, the most notable feature still standing is a small octagonal brick tower, some 10 ft high, in the north west corner. <17> Mid 15th century red brick gatehouse to fortified house, now mostly demolished. Part of the curtain wall survives on the right, on the remaining sides it is represented by foundations only. The lower part of the north west angle tower survives. Foundation mounds of the domestic buildings are traceable within the walls. Part of curtain wall listed as garden wall. <18> <19> <20> Other refs: <6> <8>-<16>
In 1993 two samples of timbers were obtained from the Gatehouse. Both timbers were dated by dendrochronological techniques and are dated from AD 1300-1437. The heartwood/sapwood transition surviving on sample 2 provides a felling date range, and by implication a construction date for the building of between AD 1447 and AD 1492. <21>
Site Management: = Scheduled as SAM 23 prior to 1972. <1> The area was extended to cover the complete area within the moat in 1972. <2>
The manor of Nether Hall was bought by the Abbey of Waltham in 1280 from Alex de Alrichefy. It subsequently changed hands and shortly before 1470 it became the property of the Colte family. There was a house at Nether Hall in the 13th century. By the later medieval period there were two adjacent but separate houses, both probably built by Thomas Colte (died 1471). The larger of the two houses was a fortified moated manor house in red brick, with diamond patterns picked out in blue, it had a embattled curtain wall with angle towers and a three-storeyed gatehouse. Only the gatehouse and fragments of the curtain wall survives (these are Scheduled Ancient Monument 23), the main building was demolished in about 1773. The second house was located to the west of the moated enclosure, it comprises a substantial late 14th or early 15th century hall house with jettied cross-wings, an upper floor was inserted into the hall and a chimney stack added in the late 16th or early 17th century. A mid-14th century aisled barn also forms part of the farmyard complex.
The 15th century fortified moated manor house was demolished in about 1773, with only the gatehouse and fragments of the curtain wall surviving (SAM 23). Netherhall Farmhouse however remained occupied, an upper floor was inserted into the late medieval hall and a chimney stack added in the late 16th or early 17th century. A 17th century timber-framed granary was added to the farmyard complex. |
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| Monument Type(s) |
FISHPOND (Dated 1066AD to 1539AD)
MANOR (Dated 1066AD to 1539AD)
HOUSE (Dated 1066AD to 1539AD)
MOAT (Dated 1066AD to 1539AD)
BUILDING (Dated 1066AD to 1539AD)
GATEHOUSE (Dated 1066AD to 1539AD)
REVETMENT (Dated 1066AD to 1539AD)
TOWER (Dated 1066AD to 1539AD)
WALL (Dated 1066AD to 1539AD)
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| Monument Class(es) |
BRICK
DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE
EARTHWORK
RUINED BUILDING
STRUCTURE
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Period
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1066AD to 1539AD Medieval
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| Status |
Listed Building (EH) |
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| Administration Area |
ROYDON, EPPING FOREST, ESSEX |
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National Grid Reference
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Square: TL30NE
Ref: 398083 |
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| Finds |
None listed
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| Events |
Field visit to 59 by Paterson, H, FMW on SEP-1981
Field visit to 59 by Chant, K, FMW on MAY-1984
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Sources
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Desc Text : Nether Hall (unknown)
Desc Text : Nether Hall, Roydon TL30-001 (unknown)
Graphic material : The Life and Times of Edward IV (Faleus, Gila) pp125-126
Desc Text : History of Essex (Morant, P) Vol 2, pp208-209 Dated : 1768
Desc Text : Antiquities of England and Wales (Grose, F) Vol 1 Dated : 1773
Desc Text : The beauties of England and Wales (Brayley, EW and Britton, J) Vol 5 Dated : 1805
Desc Text : The architectural antiquities of Great Britain (Britton, J) Vol 2 Dated : 1809
Graphic material : The architectural antiquities of Britain (Stewart) Dated : 1869
Desc Text : Notes on Nether Hall (unknown) copy of a note book in Hertfordshire County Library Dated : 1870
Desc Text : Nether Hall (Chancellor, Frederick) Vol 14, p176 Dated : 1918
Aerial Photo : 58/RAF/30/PTI/5150 (RAF) Dated : 1948
Desc Text : SMR Form (unknown) Dated : 1960s to
CORRESPONDENCE : Nether Hall, Essex (Paddick, EW) Dated : 1965
Desc Text : Historical Notes on Roydon (Briden, H) Dated : 1971
CORRESPONDENCE : Nether Hall, Roydon (Wolstenholme, R) Dated : 1972
Desc Text : Archaeol J (Archaeol J) Dated : 1975
Desc Text : J Brit Archaeol Ass (British Archaeology Association) Dated : 1976
Desc Text : Nether Hall, Roydon (Ryan, Patricia M) Dated : 1983
Desc Text : List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest: Epping Forest (Department of the Environment) p36 Dated : 1984
Scheduling record : DOE Scheduled Ancient Monuments (HBMC) Parts 5-8 Dated : 1986
Desc Text : Nether Hall, Essex, tree ring spot date record (Tyers, Ian) Dated : 1993
Map : NMP Cropmark Plot - 1:10,000 (Ingle, CJ, Strachan, D, Tyler, S and Saunders, H) Dated : 1993 - 2010
Desc Text : Roydon Historic Settlement Assessment (Medlycott, Maria) Dated : 2004
Photograph : Nether Hall 2004 (Andrews, D) Dated : 2004
Photograph : NW corner Tower @ Nether hall (Andrews, D) Dated : 2004
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